THEORY AND HISTORY OF CHOREOGRAPHIC ART
The article is devoted to the consideration of intertextual interactions in the ballets of P. Tchaikovsky on the material of borrowed elements (plug-in episodes, quotations, etc.) that were included in the author’s scores of Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker as a result of M. Petipa’s dramatic ideas.
The study of the issues of intertextual interaction is carried out along the lines of the historical-typological and intertextual research method.
The main types of interaction are distinguished: direct external intervention (in particular, corrections and additions in the process of R. Drigo’s editorial work under M. Petipa’s director’s plan), the completion of cadences (harp solo by A. Zabel), citation (use of borrowed themes in The Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker), stylization (working with the music of another composer as with the model). The forms of stylistic conjugation that reveal themselves indirectly, including those reflected in the choreographic text, are especially considered.
The conclusion is drawn about the special artistic significance of intertextual interactions, which allow not only to build a multi-level metaphorical “space” for a musical performance, but also to feel deeper the richness of the spheres of mutual influence of music and ballet art, to realize the power of the impact of the choreographic design.
DANCE TECHNIQUE PEDAGOGY
ТHEORY AND HISTORY OF ART
The article is devoted to the theoretical grounds of P. Boulez’s compositional practice. The main principles of composition and their connection with artistic concepts close to the composer are analyzed.
The works based on the aleatory principle of composition demand a special technique of the analysis as the organization whole in such opuses is influenced by random factors (the performers’ choice of these or those fragments or an order of their following). Boulez’s scores are considered in article from the point of view of the importance of author’s control of process of forming and share of its accident rendered on the basis of the theoretical analysis of the text, synthesis of statements of the composer about a chance music and experience of performances of his works.
Whatever mobile were the musical text and a form in Boulez’s scores, they embody the accurate art concept and mean the structural organization of the opus. And despite plurality of options of a form of compositions of Boulez, the listener recognizes them in each execution by unique author’s material and that artistic design which is reflected and imprinted in each “version” of a form.