THEORY AND HISTORY OF CHOREOGRAPHIC ART
The ballets La Salade and Le Train Bleu, created by the composer almost simultaneously for two different art groups, are considered in the article. “Twins’ ballets,” as Darius Millau called them, reveal kinship not only in their choreographic, scenic and decorative, but also musical decisions. The dramaturgy of these compositions includes elements of vocal scenic genres, which gives these ballets a unique look.
The article is devoted to comprehension to the phenomenon of the Cuban ballet, often referred to as the “Cuban miracle”. The contribution of its founders Fernando, Alicia and Alberto Alonso is described; the stages of the formation of Cuba’s dance art are characterized. The determination of certain periods of the Cuban ballet by political events is shown. Data on the creation of the first school of ballet in Cuba, about the first Russian ballet teacher Nikolay Yavorsky, about ballet education are updated. The distinctive characteristics of the Cuban ballet school are specified. It is concluded that the universal system of choreographic education, developed by Fernando and Alicia Alonso, allowed for the shortest period to raise the “young” Cuban ballet to the world level.
The article traces the fate of the well-known Baltacheyev dynasty-Kumisnikovs, explores the creative path of Naima Valeevna Balatcheyeva, who studied the article when she was a ballet dancer. Naima Valeevna successfully combined her artistic career with the work of the teacher, in 1950–1951 she frequently replaced A. Ya. Vaganova in her lessons. The article focuses on the pedagogical skills of N. V. Balatcheyeva, her ability to feel music, creatively approach the teaching of choreographic mastery.
CROSS-DISCIPLINARY RESEARCH IN CHOREOGRAPHY
The article considers origins of a dance suite by Franz Schreker The Birthday of the Infanta, which was composed in 1908 for the Veinnese exhibition Kunstschau. Plot, dramaturgy, musical parametres are analysed. The main stylistic dominants of the suite allow to liken them to Jugenstil (German version of Art Nouveau). Key definitions of the Jugenstil such as Gesamtkunstwerk, ambivalence, cult of beauty and others are observed.
The article is devoted to the specific character of orchestration of the operaballet Mlada by Nikolay A. Rimsky-Korsakov. The author emphasizes the specific role of this work as a “creative laboratory” for approbation of the new orchestral means of the composer. The article proves that the score of Mlada influenced the development of orchestration not only in Russian but also in the world tradition in the context of expanding orchestral means, replenishment of orchestral colors at the expense of new and non-standard (in relation to the time of creation of the work) instruments. The conclusion from the study is that the orchestra Mlada not only contributed to the discovery of the richness of the sound of this work, but also stimulated the development of the orchestra in many respects, both in the works of Rimsky-Korsakov himself and among the authors of the following generations.
DANCE TECHNIQUE PEDAGOGY
The article deals with the process of creating a children’s ballet performance The Snow Queen in a nonprofessional choreographic collective — The Nutcracker Theater (Yekaterinburg). Features of the creative and rehearsal work with children from 9 to 17 years is an actual, little studied problem. Based on his own experience, the author reveals the methodological principles of creative work at its various stages.
The sustainability and coordination of movements are the basic physical qualities of the ballet artist, the foundation that determines the pupil’s ability to learn in a professional choreographic institution. The disparity between the current high requirements for the level of coordinating capabilities of ballet artists and the almost total absence of scientifically sound special techniques for testing and improving different types of Coordinating capacities at the primary level in vocational schools has determined the relevance of this study. Methods of theoretical analysis of art and pedagogical literature were used as well as system method in grouping the material’s presentation, a comparative analysis method, diagnostic (questionnaire, testing) and experimental (declaring pedagogical experiment) methods. methods of statistical processing of the results of the study. The results of the study showed that the majority of choreographers were not sufficiently aware of the types of coordinating capabilities, testing methods and development, since the Special scientific and methodological literature on development. The coordinating abilities in classical choreography are practically uncoordinated. Testing the coordinating abilities of the Academy’s 2-grade schoolgirls showed a fairly low level of ability to balance, to differentiate, to orient and to restructure the propulsion, to rhythm. The low level and the lack of correlation between the degree of development of these options for coordinating abilities among themselves proves the need to develop special exercises for the development of each of them separately.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF ARTS
The article tells about the work of the brilliant Russian musician, pianist and public figure of the 19th century Anton Rubinstein. Different aspects of his work are considered. In addition to large forms such as a concert or sonata the composer often turned to the genre of miniature. Rubinstein created more than two hundred piano pieces: preludes and romances, impromptu and lullabies, scherzos and ballads, elegies, waltzes, serenades, barcarolles, mazurkas, polonaises. Anton Rubinstein could not get around such a genre as a nocturne which underwent serious changes throughout the entire creative career of the composer. The author analyzes several nocturnes by Anton Rubinstein.
The article deals with the epistolary heritage of J. Weisberg and N. Myaskovsky. Occupying a significant place in the musical life of Moscow, Myaskovsky was trying to help the artist with the performance and publication of her writings. Despite the different (including negative) assessment of her work by the Moscow colleagues, he aggressively continued to promote her music. The business relationship between the musicians lasted for a long time but failed to publish the beloved creation of the artist – Opera Gulnara (after the show at the special Commission of Muzgiz, a member of which was Myaskovsky) put an end to their mutual business and personal relationships.
The emergence of special associated with Fluxus artistic practices in a form of performance is analyzed in this article. Though the performance was not the characteristic of Fluxus artistic activity, one could see its earliest forms on Fluxus festivals. Special ironic performances which were based on the parodying of classical artistic works had been practiced by the artists. The performances existed in forms of scores which in turn were aimed to fix the main steps of a creative process. The mentioned peculiarity was connected with emergence of the performances from classical music institutional forms. The author analyzed three scores (namely minioperas by Benjamin Patterson) and came to conclusions about the main art features of a parody performance in Action Art. The place of the parodic genre within the Action Art practices was found as well as stylistic characteristics of Avant-Garde and Postmodern art were defined.
The role of the synthesizer in contemporary culture was thoroughly considered in the paper. The author raises a question about the place of acoustic and electronic instruments in the postmodern culture. Particular attention is given to the debatable problem of the acoustic instruments significance in the era of electronic technologies. The author substantiates a conclusion about a gradual transition of the piano into the authentic sphere of the performance and changing of performer’s image and tasks due the electronic instruments expansion in contemporary musical culture.
The article is devoted the evolution of Harlequin on the theatrical stage during the whole history of his existence. The examination of the stage path of the famous mask includes different forms of theatrical art: dramatic, pantomime, ballet. The fate of this mask in spite of such genre variety has the generic tendency and generic evolution. This character during four century went through evolution and turned from the second zanni into the symbol of acting technique.
The article aims at discussing the correlation between ethical values and aesthetical paradigm in the process of analyzing a literary text. The main factor of ethical relations is people’s (or characters) interaction and communication, whereas the aesthetical factor is the literary work functioning, including text construction, evaluation, consumption and interpretation. Еthical norms that are crucial for the characters of a literary work are revealed through different aesthetic means that are determined by a certain paradigm. When analyzing a literary work, it is important to focus on and take into account a particular scientific or aesthetic paradigm relevant for this particular period.